90 Degree Titanium Elbow

Titanium 90-degree elbow is a type of fitting used to change the direction of titanium pipes, allowing the pipes to make a 90-degree turn. In addition, we can also provide 45-degree and 180-degree standard elbows, and non-standard angles such as 60 degrees, can be customized according to specific engineering requirements.

1. Forming process

.Hot pressing (mainstream process)

Heating: Place the titanium alloy tube into the heating furnace and heat it to 600–900°C (adjust the temperature according to the alloy type) while avoiding oxidation at high temperatures (can be heated under inert gas protection or in a vacuum environment).

2.Mold pressing:

Use a CNC hydraulic press with a customized mold to apply pressure to the heated tube, bending it to 90 degrees or another specified angle. The pressure and speed must be controlled during forming to prevent material cracking.

Cooling: Allow to cool naturally or use air cooling after forming to avoid stress concentrations caused by rapid cooling.

Push forming (suitable for large-diameter elbows)

The heated titanium tube is pushed along the axial direction of the mold by a push machine, using the mold shape to force the tube to bend and form. This method offers high-dimensional accuracy and a smooth surface.

3. Machining (auxiliary process)

Cutting: The elbow port is turned and milled to ensure interface accuracy and surface roughness (for example, for flange or thread connections).

Groove processing: If welding is required, a V-shaped or U-shaped groove is machined at the port to facilitate fusion during welding.

4. Heat treatment

Annealing: Eliminates internal stress generated during forming and improves the plasticity and toughness of the material. The heating temperature is usually 550–700°C, followed by furnace cooling after holding at the temperature.

Solution treatment (for some alloys): For example, TC4 titanium alloy undergoes high-temperature solution treatment followed by aging to improve strength and corrosion resistance.

5. Surface treatment

Pickling and passivation: A mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid is used to remove surface oxide scale, form a passivation film, and enhance corrosion resistance.

Polishing: Mechanical or electrolytic polishing is used to achieve the required surface roughness (e.g., Ra ≤ 0.8 μm), suitable for clean applications such as food and pharmaceuticals.

6. Inspection and acceptance

Dimensional inspection: Calipers, projectors, etc. are used to check whether the elbow's radius of curvature, pipe diameter, wall thickness, etc. meet standards.

Nondestructive testing: Internal defects are detected via ultrasonic testing (UT) or radiographic testing (RT), and surface cracks are detected via magnetic particle testing (MT) or penetrant testing (PT).

Performance testing: Samples are subjected to mechanical property tests (tensile, bending) and corrosion resistance tests (e.g., intergranular corrosion tests).

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